What Is a Sump Pump and how do they function?

Plumbing

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// Posted by Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc.

Did you know that installing a sump pump can cost between $600 to $3,000? This is often more than the pump itself. Yet, these devices are key to keeping your home safe from basement floods. They can move an impressive 13,000 gallons per hour during big floods. These facts show how vital sump pumps are for our homes.

what is a sump pump

Key Takeaways

  • Sump pumps are vital for keeping homes safe from basement flooding and water damage.
  • They sit in a pit, or basin, and start pumping out water when it gets too high.
  • There are different types, like submersible and pedestal models, each with their own benefits and drawbacks.
  • Backup sump pumps, such as battery or water-powered ones, offer extra protection when the power goes out.
  • Keeping your sump pump in good shape and choosing the right one for your home is key to avoiding floods and damage.

What is a Sump Pump

A sump pump is key to keeping your basement dry by removing extra water. It sits in a pit in your basement's lowest spot. When water in the pit goes up, the pump kicks in and sends the water away from your home's base.

These pumps are a must in areas prone to flooding or heavy rain and snow. They keep your basement safe from water damage. If you have a basement you use, a sump pump is even more important to keep it dry. Always talk to a plumbing expert for the right setup and upkeep of your sump pump.

The main job of a sump pump is to clear out water in the pit. This stops it from getting into your home and causing damage, mold, or even fires. By tackling basement moisture, sump pumps also boost your home's value.

Dealing with a high water table, seasonal floods, or wanting to safeguard your basement? A well-set and cared-for sump pump is a smart choice for your home's future.

How Sump Pumps Work

Sump pumps are key to keeping your home dry. They automatically pump out extra water when they see it rising in the sump pit. These pumps are usually 2.5 to 3 feet tall. The pit where they sit is about 2 feet deep and 18 inches wide.

These pumps have a switch to check the water level. When the water gets too high, the switch turns on the pump. The pump then sends the water away through a pipe. This pipe is placed at least 10-20 feet from your home to keep the water away.

Sump pumps come in two types: submersible and pedestal. Submersible pumps are fully waterproof and have the pump at the bottom. Pedestal pumps are louder but cheaper. Both types run on electricity and can be set to turn on automatically.

It's smart to add a GFCI outlet for safety. This stops accidental electrocution. Also, most sump pumps use centrifugal pumps to move water out.

Do I Need a Sump Pump?

If your home often floods due to heavy rain, high water tables, or other water issues, you need a sump pump. Even if you don't have major floods, a sump pump can remove moisture and stop mold, mildew, and damage from dampness. Homes in low-lying areas, with finished basements, or prone to flooding will greatly benefit from a sump pump.

A sump pump takes water from a small basin in your home's lowest part. When the water level gets too high, the pump kicks in and sends the water away through a line. This keeps your basement or crawlspace dry, saving your home and stuff from water damage.

  • Homes with basements or crawlspaces often face water problems like flooding and mold, making a sump pump essential.
  • Sump pumps are a good idea for homes below ground level to stop water damage.
  • With proper care, sump pumps can last 7 to 10 years, offering ongoing protection against water issues.

In areas with heavy clay or silt soils, which can lead to bad drainage, a sump pump is crucial. Also, having a battery-powered backup sump pump is smart to keep your home safe during power cuts.

By getting a sump pump, you can avoid water damage and boost your home's value. It also keeps your belongings and furniture safe from moisture damage. Don't let water problems cost you - get a sump pump for a dry and safe home.

Where Should a Sump Pump Discharge?

Choosing the right spot for your sump pump's discharge is key to avoiding water damage and flooding. Make sure it's at least 10-20 feet away from your home's foundation. Aim for a dry well, creek, pond, or a neighborhood drainage system. This keeps water away from your home and prevents costly damage, which can hit up to $10,000 or more.

Before picking a spot, check your local building codes. Some places have specific rules. For instance, in Galesburg, Illinois, you must keep the discharge at least 10 feet from the public right-of-way. Also, the frost line affects where you can bury the line. In Illinois, it's about 40 inches deep.

Look for a spot downhill from your home and 10-20 feet from the foundation. This prevents the sump pump from working too hard. Using rain gardens, rain barrels, or dry wells can help manage the water and keep it away from your home.

It's important to test and maintain your sump pump regularly. This ensures it works right and discharges water correctly. Smart systems can catch problems early. Also, make sure the discharge line follows local building codes for long-term success.

If you have a flat yard or few drainage options, consider a bubbler pot. It's a good way to spread out the sump pump's discharge water. By choosing the right spot for your sump pump, you protect your home and keep your system running well for years.

Types of Sump Pumps

There are several types of sump pumps available, each with its own set of features and benefits. The main types include submersible, pedestal, battery-powered backup, and water-powered backup sump pumps.

Submersible sump pumps sit fully in the sump basin. They are quieter and less likely to clog. These pumps are designed to avoid overheating, even when fully submerged in water. They are a top choice for basements that flood often.

Pedestal sump pumps have their motor above the sump pit on a long tube. This makes them easier to maintain. They are more affordable but can overheat more easily than submersible pumps. Pedestal pumps are often used in homes with minor flooding.

Backup sump pumps add an extra layer of safety if the main pump fails during a power outage or flood. Battery backups have strong pumping power but their runtime is limited by the battery life. Water-powered backups need specific plumbing and aren't good for homes with wells. Combination sump pumps have a main pump and a battery backup in one, giving full flood protection.

Sewage and effluent sump pumps are for tougher wastewater situations. Sewage ejector pumps move solid waste to septic or sewage systems. Sewage grinder pumps break down waste into smaller pieces. Effluent pumps lift treated water from septic tanks.

Keeping your sump pump in good shape is crucial. You should pour water into the pit a few times a year to test it and clean the filter screen. Cleaning the pump and sump pit once a year also helps prevent clogs and makes your pump last longer.

Submersible Sump Pumps

Looking for a dependable sump pump? Consider a submersible model. These pumps have the motor and pump in one unit, fully submerged in the sump basin. They offer many benefits over traditional pedestal pumps.

Submersible sump pumps are known for their quiet operation. Since the pump and motor are underwater, they make less noise. They also avoid clogging by removing debris from the sump pit. Plus, they can pump out more water per hour due to their higher horsepower.

However, submersible pumps might not last as long as pedestal pumps, especially in areas with lots of sediment. They usually last 6 to 15 years, depending on the sump basin's sediment level. Pedestal pumps, with proper care, can last two to three times longer.

When picking a submersible sump pump, look at horsepower, flow rate, and features. Consider your sump basin size, water volume, and if you need special features like a battery backup. Choosing the right pump can protect your home from water damage and ensure efficient drainage.

Pedestal Sump Pumps

Pedestal sump pumps are a top choice for keeping basements dry. They stand out from submersible pumps with their design. The motor sits above the water, while the pump works underwater. This setup means they're a bit louder but easier to reach for upkeep.

These pumps are known for their dependability and efficiency. They're great at removing water during heavy rain or floods, keeping basements safe. Plus, they're often cheaper than submersible pumps but might not last as long since the motor is exposed.

Pedestal pumps are a favorite for many homeowners because of their features. At Sump Pumps Direct, you can find a variety of pedestal pumps from well-known brands. They come in different horsepower options, like 1/4 HP to 1 HP, so you can pick the right one for your home.

Even though they might not move water as fast as submersible pumps, pedestal pumps have their perks. Their design makes them easier to install and maintain, and they're built to protect the motor from getting wet. Plus, you can hear and see them, which helps spot problems or flooding early.

When picking a pedestal sump pump, think about the materials, horsepower, and how reliable it is. Make sure it has enough horsepower to handle your home's needs, usually around one-half or one-third horsepower is enough.

In summary, pedestal sump pumps are a smart and budget-friendly way to keep basements dry. They're dependable and simple to maintain, making them a great pick for many homes.

Battery-Powered Backup Sump Pumps

Adding a battery-powered backup sump pump can protect your home from flooding during power outages. These pumps start when the main pump fails, often due to electricity issues. They keep working even when the power is off, stopping water damage to your home.

Look for brands like Zoeller, Basement Watchdog, and Pro Series when choosing a battery backup sump pump. They come in capacities from 1,000 to 5,000+ gallons per hour, so pick the right size for your home. You can also find options with horsepower from 3/10 HP to 1 HP, depending on how much water you need to move.

These pumps usually pump less than your main pump, often just a quarter of a 1/3 HP pump's capacity. But they're made to handle small leaks and short power cuts. For the best results, use wet cell marine batteries, which are built for deep use and quick recharge.

Battery backup sump pumps don't always make your main pump last longer, but they're a smart way to fight flooding. Still, it's smart to get a top-quality main sump pump and a dependable battery backup for lasting performance.

Fixing and keeping up with sump pump parts, like the battery backup, might need a pro's help, which can add to costs. Knowing what battery backup sump pumps can and can't do helps you make a smart choice to protect your home from water damage during power cuts.

Water-Powered Backup Sump Pumps

Protecting your home from flooding is crucial. A reliable backup sump pump is key. Water-powered backup sumps are a great choice, using your home's water pressure instead of electricity.

These pumps need at least 40 PSI of water pressure to work well. They don't work with well water, needing consistent municipal pressure. You can install them horizontally or vertically, with the Water Commander™ model using a special pump jet.

Water-powered pumps turn on automatically when the sump pit fills up, without electricity or batteries. Brands like Zoeller, Liberty Pumps, and Basepump make these pumps. They can move 500 to 2,000 gallons per hour, often more than battery pumps.

The Water Commander™ brand is a top choice for these pumps. Their MG36 model pumps nearly 40 gallons a minute at 60 PSI, and the MG22 pumps the most water of any brand. These pumps are very efficient, using just 1 gallon of water to move 2 gallons out of the sump.

Unlike battery pumps, which last 5-7 hours, water-powered pumps can go on forever with enough water pressure. The MG22 can pump up to 1,800 gallons per hour, and the MG36 can do even more, outperforming a typical electric backup sump pump.

In summary, water-powered backup sump pumps are a dependable and efficient choice. They keep your home safe from flooding during power outages or if your main pump fails. They use very little water, like a lawn sprinkler for a few hours a year.

What is a Sump Pump and How to Choose One

A sump pump is key to keeping your home safe from water damage. It removes excess water from basements or crawl spaces, stopping floods and water problems. Picking the right sump pump means finding one that matches your home's needs in power and size.

Think about your basement or crawl space size, the water flow, and how high the pump must lift the water when choosing a sump pump. For most homes, a 1/3 horsepower sump pump is enough. But, bigger homes or areas with a high water table might need a stronger model.

When picking a sump pump, consider a few things. Submersible pumps are top picks for pros because they're quiet and less likely to clog. Pedestal pumps, however, can last up to 30 years with the right care.

Getting the right sump pump size is key. Sandy soil areas usually need a pump that can handle about 14 gallons per minute for every 1,000 square feet. Clay soil might only need 8 GPM per 1,000 square feet. Pedestal pumps vary from 1/3 to 1/2 horsepower, but homes with high water tables should aim for at least a 1/2 horsepower pump.

For sump pump power, submersible pumps range from 1/3 to a full horsepower. Experts suggest a 1/3 horsepower for most homes in areas with high water tables.

For the best protection, talk to a pro to find the right sump pump for your home. The right pump means peace of mind against water damage.

Sump Pump Switches

A sump pump's success depends a lot on its switch. This key part notices when water levels go up and makes the pump work. Sump pump switches vary in how they sense and react to water levels. Knowing about these types helps you pick the best one for your system.

Common Sump Pump Switch Types

There are several sump pump switch types, like diaphragm, pressure, vertical float, tethered float, and electronic switches. Each one works differently to notice water levels and start the pump.

  • Diaphragm Switches: These switches turn on the pump when water pressure changes. They fit well in small sump basins.
  • Pressure Switches: These switches use air pressure to feel water levels and start the pump when needed. They're easy to use.
  • Vertical Float Switches: Made for small, shallow sump basins, these switches have a float that moves up and down to signal the pump.
  • Tethered Float Switches: The most common type, these switches have a float on a string that goes up and down to start the pump.
  • Electronic Switches: These switches are becoming popular for their reliability and easy setup.

Choosing the right sump pump switch is key for your pump to work well. Knowing the different switch types helps you pick the best one for your system and basement needs.

Sump Pump Accessories

The sump pump is key to keeping your basement dry, but there are more tools that can help. Sump pump add-ons, attachments, and extras boost its performance and protect against floods. These tools ensure your home stays dry, even in bad weather.

Popular accessories include water alarms that warn you if the pump stops working. Longer discharge hoses move water away from your foundation. Check valves make sure water flows out, not back in.

When picking accessories, think about your sump pump's size and power. Important items for areas with power cuts or harsh weather are backup batteries, high-water alarms, and freezing protection.

Brands like Zoeller, Basement Watchdog, Liberty Pumps, and iON offer many add-ons, attachments, and extras. They have options for every sump pump, from small to large models.

With the right accessories, your home stays safe from water damage during power outages or heavy rain. These tools add an extra layer of protection, giving you peace of mind.

Cost of Sump Pump Installation

The cost of a sump pump system varies a lot. It depends on the type of pump, your basement's material and depth, the drainage setup, and if you need a pro for installation.

A basic submersible sump pump can cost between $250 and $375. But, getting a pro to install it might cost $600 to $3,000, with an average of $1,200. Pedestal sump pumps are cheaper, costing $75 to $200 each, plus $800 for installation.

Other things can make the cost go up. These include needing a backup pump, special switches, permits, or code compliance. Extras like battery backups, filters, alarms, and more can also increase the cost. You might need permits in places prone to flooding or high humidity.

Installing a sump pump yourself can save money, but it's best for those with experience. Doing it wrong can lead to expensive water damage, possibly more than hiring a pro.

In summary, the total cost for a sump pump system is between $600 and $3,800, with an average pro installation at $1,200. Thinking about all the factors and the benefits can help homeowners decide if it's a good investment for their home.

Sump Pump Maintenance

Keeping your sump pump in good shape is key to its reliable work and keeping your home safe from water damage. Experts say to follow a yearly maintenance plan to avoid floods and costly fixes from water damage. Sump pumps sit in basements, the lowest part of a house, and need regular checks to keep your home safe.

Testing the sump pump often by filling the basin with water is a must to make sure it turns on right away. It's also important to check the discharge line for leaks and make sure it drains well. Cleaning the sump inlet or screen to stop debris from building up is a good idea too.

Experts suggest using a surge protector with a fault circuit or plugging the sump pump into a GFCI outlet to avoid electrical issues. Making sure the sump pump is level is key for it to work right.

  1. Check the sump pump's electrical connection, float switch, and parts that can rust during regular checks.
  2. Test the sump pump by adding water to the pit to see if it works as it should.
  3. If the sump pump runs too much or turns on and off too often, it might mean there's a problem, like a small pump or a block in the discharge pipe.
  4. Think about greasing the bearings every year, if the maker says to.
  5. Think about getting a battery backup for the sump pump, especially in places with lots of rain, storms, or power cuts.

Regular upkeep of your sump pump can make it last longer and work better. Most sump pumps last about 7 years, but with good care, they can last longer. Sump pumps over seven years old often have issues, so check it monthly to make sure it's working right.

By following these tips for sump pump care, you can keep your home safe from expensive water damage and make sure your sump pump works well for years.

Conclusion

Sump pumps are key to keeping your home safe from water damage and flooding. They are a must-have for many homes. Knowing how they work, the types available, and what to think about when choosing and caring for one helps keep your home safe.

Having the right sump pump means you can relax and skip the stress and costs of basement floods. You can pick from submersible or pedestal pumps, battery or water-powered backups, and even add alarms and monitoring systems. A working sump pump is key to keeping your home strong and safe.

Not all sump pumps are the same, so it's important to think about what your home needs. By keeping up with your sump pump's care, you can keep your home safe from water damage. This gives you peace of mind with a dependable sump pump system.

HVAC Technician installing a electric heat pump
About Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc.
Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc. is a locally owned heating and air conditioning company that provides sales, service, and installation of any type of heating or cooling in your home or light commercial building.

Although the name Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc. is new, Mr. Richard Gilmer has been in the business of keeping his neighbors comfortable since 1998. As our presence in the HVAC contractors industry has evolved, we decided to change the name of our business to better reflect our commitment to the Middle TN area.

Our core values include implementing economically friendly products and practices to better contribute to the health and home of our customers. We are EPA certified and ensure that all refrigerant is recycled and all equipment is disposed of as per environmentally-safe standards. Our service techs and installers are trained to conduct business with minimal disruption to your daily lifestyle so that the only impact we make is a positive one

FAQ

What is a sump pump and how does it function?

A sump pump moves water from your basement to outside your home. It sits in a pit, or basin, and pumps water out when the level gets too high.

What are the common types of sump pumps?

Common sump pumps are submersible, pedestal, battery-powered backup, and water-powered backup. Submersible pumps go all the way into the basin. Pedestal pumps have their motor above the basin.

How do I choose the right sump pump for my home?

Pick a sump pump based on your basement size, water flow, and how high the pump needs to lift water. A 1/3 horsepower pump is usually enough for most homes. But, you might need a stronger one for a big area or high water table.

Where should the sump pump discharge?

Discharge the sump pump at least 10-20 feet from your foundation. Aim for a dry well, creek, pond, or neighborhood drainage. This keeps water from coming back into your basement or foundation.

What types of sump pump switches are there?

There are diaphragm, pressure, vertical float, tethered float, and electronic switches for sump pumps. These switches turn on the pump when water levels rise.

What accessories can be added to a sump pump system?

You can add water alarms, longer discharge hoses, and check valves to your sump pump. These improve how well the system works.

How much does a sump pump system cost to install?

Installing a sump pump can cost from $100-$400 for a basic pump. Professional installation can cost $600-$3,000, including drainage setup or backup pumps.

How do I maintain my sump pump?

Keep your sump pump working well by testing it, checking for debris, and looking at the discharge line. For battery backup pumps, test and replace the battery as needed.

HVAC Technician installing a electric heat pump
About Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc.
Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc. is a locally owned heating and air conditioning company that provides sales, service, and installation of any type of heating or cooling in your home or light commercial building.

Although the name Crossville Heating and Cooling, Inc. is new, Mr. Richard Gilmer has been in the business of keeping his neighbors comfortable since 1998. As our presence in the HVAC contractors industry has evolved, we decided to change the name of our business to better reflect our commitment to the Middle TN area.

Our core values include implementing economically friendly products and practices to better contribute to the health and home of our customers. We are EPA certified and ensure that all refrigerant is recycled and all equipment is disposed of as per environmentally-safe standards. Our service techs and installers are trained to conduct business with minimal disruption to your daily lifestyle so that the only impact we make is a positive one

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